Unbiased Report Exposes the Unanswered Questions on Democratic Education Essay Topics

Unbiased Report Exposes the Unanswered Questions on Democratic Education Essay Topics The Demise of Democratic Education Essay Topics Several have felt the effect of globalization more negatively than others. If you are supposed to compose an argumentative essay, the very first thing you must do is to understand its principal features and structure. The impacts of poverty are the outcome of poverty. The majority of the folks have a tendency to run away from politics and thus the politics essays too, therefore it is quite important to grab the interest of the readers till the conclusion of the essay and that would be much difficult I know. You can be totally sure your paper is going to be delivered in time and be of the maximum quality. A substantial selection of topic ideas is your principal advantage. You might discover something that you can use, or something you're able to adapt for the particular guidelines of your paper. Just take a look at the list of 10 topics above and there ought to be one that you're interested in. A synthesis essay will typically be employed by college teachers and professors to determine if a student can defend their argument in a former argumentation. Students should build a thesis based on the duration of the essay. So, they should try to explore the possibilities of ideas for the essay. Certainly, they should be careful and avoid essay cheat websites. Therefore, you can ask all the essential questions and consult on some points. Remember your final grade significantly is contingent on the topic. The primary aim of topic choice for a proposal essay is to show the idea can be put into place in practice. There are a great deal of argumentative essay examples online and you'll be able to study them to find the entire idea of the way to compose such sort of essay. The point is you want to convince the reader your argument is the perfect one, and that means you'll certainly want to select a topic that you're passionate about and something which you will become excited about researching and writing. On our site, you can find lots of tips for themes for an argumentative essay. While the price of education is exploding, learners are increasingly likely in order to develop and grow at their own speed. Skill levels range based on the lesson or theme so there's something for everybody. In addition, by working with one another and receiving different ideas, their problem solving skill will develop further with the assistance of one another. There are a lot of things which can be discussed in regards to education. The good isn't only what enables the soul to access knowledge, but it's also the final and most important object that the soul must understand. With a little inspiration, you can get a subject to compare in literary everything. If your inspiration fails you or you don't have sufficient time for writing, it is far better to seek out a dependable writing services. The maturation of a youngster is a precarious path. The effect of the socio-cultural perspectives on a youngster is vitally important. As stated by the theorists, the cultural groups evolve with the assistance of the collective activity' of the members of a specific social group. Tons of various topics in every single field can be modified to your specific ailments. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Democratic Education Essay Topics Is Wrong Curriculum includes what's planned and what's meant to be taught to the children. Policies mu st be implemented. Students often choose a good are but get confused in regards to selecting the particular topic in that region. The Upside to Democratic Education Essay Topics Democracy encourages people to share in public debates involving the affairs of the nation. The Democratic Party has the lengthiest proof of unremitting operation in the usa, and is among the oldest political parties on earth. Compare and contrast the leading political parties in the usa. It's possible for you to take various nations and watch if they've passed through similar historical processes. It is possible to compare various scientific discoveries made in various countries. Some may be given by central governments. It's very clear that democratic governments are absolutely desirable and popular among many nations globally.

Gang Membership Social And Psychological Factors That...

Gang membership accounts for the rising number of youth and street gangs since the 1950’s, since the development of gangs globally, especially in New Zealand there are significant factors that influences becoming a gang member. There is a range of social and psychological factors that underpin and gain insight into the dynamic gang structure of gangs and how this influences others to become involved in gangs. Research has noted there are push and pull factors that are associated with the theory of ‘multiple marginality’ this theory tackles how groups feel after being left on the boundaries of society, therefore has encouraged them to become involved in deviant behavior. The growth in predominantly Maori gangs such as the Mongrel Mob and Black Power through the 1960’s and 1970’s has caused contrservesity whether ‘multiple marginality’ impacts and is responsible for this issue. However there is no single reason for gang membership, having the ability to understand how the role of social and psychological factors impact the rise in gang membership in New Zealand, is needed to address this concern it is key aspect in addressing the development of present gangs and why they are becoming more dominant in society. Theory of multiple marginality Multiple marginality can be defined as the living on the boundaries of society, therefore not being influenced and following the ‘norms’ of society expectations. It is important to make the distinction between predominantly Maori gangs forShow MoreRelatedSocial And Psychological Factors Of Gang Membership Essay1859 Words   |  8 PagesGang membership has accounted for the increase in the number of youth and street gangs since the 1950’s. The development of gangs globally, especially in New Zealand, exhibits the fact that there are significant influences pushing people towards becoming a gang member. There is a range of social and psychological factors that underpin the dynamics of a gang’s structure in which they help outsiders gain insight into how gang involvement is evoked. Research has established that there are push and pullRead MoreSummary : Youth Gang And Violence1615 Words   |  7 PagesYouth Gang and Violence Delinquent Behavior â€Å"Gang† â€Å"Youth Gang† and â€Å"Street Gang† are just labels used to describe young people consisting of three or more individuals organized to achieve a typical objective and who share a common identity. There is no single and universally accepted definition of gang, gang member and gang activities in the United States, however, the Federal Definition according to National Institute of Justice, â€Å"An association of three or more individuals;Whose members collectivelyRead MoreRisk Factors For Adolescent Drug Abuse1462 Words   |  6 Pages Body: Risk Factors for Adolescent Drug Abuse There are an abundance of risk factors that can relate to the contribution of drug abuse in adolescents. The primary risk factors can be divided into two main categories: social and emotional triggers. Social factors play an important role because during the adolescent years it can be an extremely emotional and physically tough time for teens to transition through. Adolescent phases are one of the biggest transitional stages in a person’s life becauseRead MoreYouth Gangs And Chicago, Illinois3821 Words   |  16 Pages Youth Gangs in Chicago, Illinois Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines Kirsten Muhaw Criminal Justice Seminar Professor Ruck April 10, 2015 Youth Gangs in Chicago, Illinois According to the Chicago Police Report’s CompStat within the year of 2014, there were 407 murders citywide. Chicago, Illinois is one of the United States biggest cities, with one of the highest crime rates. Chicago is also known for their large amount of gangs including, youth gangs within theRead MoreWhy Juvenile Choose a Gang Lifestyle?1774 Words   |  8 PagesGangs have been in existence since the beginning of the Roman Empire. There were speeches made by Roman orator, Marcus Tullius Cicero, which references groups of men who constantly fought and disrupted Roman politics (Curry, 2013). The history of street gangs in the United States begins with their emergence on the East Coast around 1783, as the American Revolution ended. Though many believe the best available evidence suggests that the more serious street gangs likely did not emerge until theRead MoreUsing criminological and sociological theory, this essay will aim to explain how the Aryan2200 Words   |  9 P agesessay will aim to explain how the Aryan Brotherhood, evolved from a self-protection group into a White supremacist prison gang, running a criminal syndicate both in and outside of prison. Understanding the complexities of prison gang development is imperative in order to control and limit the power they have inside and outside of prison. Robert Merton (1938) argued that members of American society are socialised to want the culturally defined goals such as the ‘American dream’ where success is attributedRead MoreDomestic Violence And Its Effects On Children Essay2441 Words   |  10 Pages If a child grows up in a home where domestic violence is displayed every day, the likelihood of that child becoming physically violent to others increases. Children who are exposed to sexual abuses could become more likely to commit illegal sex crimes once they are in their teenage years, such as prostitution. Exposure to continued conflict and distress can interfere with developmental progress and the child often feels responsible and wants to make others feel better. Juveniles who are exposedRead MoreLabeling Theory Social Psychology : Are Labels Real?1755 Words   |  8 PagesLabeling Theory in Social Psychology: Are Labels Real? Due to varying viewpoints and controversy, it is reasonable to question the authenticity of labels and the role they play on socialization. As a result, there has been a plethora of evidence-based research in attempt to explain its origins predating since the 1930s but becoming most prominent in the 1960s as the labeling theory. The great majority of this research links labeling with abnormal or irregular behavior, often coined as ‘deviant’ (ThomsonRead MoreChildren in Conflict to the Law12401 Words   |  50 Pageschildren who are in conflict with the law. Under R.A. 9344 a child who is 15 years of age at the time of the commission of offense are exempted from criminal liability, however the child shall be subjected to an intervention program provided by local social welfare development office who will determine appropriate programs and consultation with the client and to person having custody of the child. There are three types of delinquency: the first type is environment delinquent, they are usuallyRead MoreEssay about Video Games Inspire Violent Behavior3148 Words   |  13 Pagesrobbery. Teen violence has been affecting many societies and has destructive history to communities. Although many factors have been pointed out to cause teen violence, studies show that modeling behaviors are the most common causes of teen violence in the society. These include behaviors as seen in the movies, on the streets, on the video games and at home. Social engineering factors and psychology behind teen violence are some of the main challenges contributing to teen violence. Video games, in

Personal Goals Paper Essay Example For Students

Personal Goals Paper Essay Furthering my education has been a personal goal I have strived to achieve. It was not until a few years after my high school graduation that I decided to attend college. So with the help of my life-partner, I decide to attend University of Phoenix, I know am on the right path to carry out my goal on becoming a store manager (training supervisor). I plan to achieve this goal through academics and work experience. My career goals involve being promoted with my company. Attending the University of Phoenix will help me pursue a foundation for my career and improve my own self-esteem. I also want to improve myself within the knowledge of the career that I am now choosing with Payless. Another goal is to help me feel more comfortable with future situations and give me the knowledge and confidence to work under demanding pressures of a store manager as well as everyday life. Other goals include focusing on developing ideas, study skills, recognizing strengths and weaknesses. Receiving my bachelors degree is not my final goal at the University of Phoenix; I am interested in a master degree in business management as well. Being able to explore my skills and training and being able to research the jobs that I am capable of is very important. I want to be a positive asset for my company, by developing communications skills. Having excellent communications skills is major part of succeeding in my job. Associates, as well as myself, have to communicate effectively to achieve overall goals as a team. I plan to achieve my communications skills by participating in team discussion, class discussion and reading the text to develop these skills. Managing my time is a goal I have always struggled with, mostly because of working long irregular hours. I plan to create a study schedule where I read the course material(s) for the class I am currently in. Then I wait for the following day before proceeding unto the written work. This give me time to allow the information to sink in. I will have a calendar in front of my computer desk that lists all my assignments and their due dates. This will ensure that I complete the assignments before they are due. By developing this schedule I wont stall and will allow me to make corrections on written assignments. I plan to develop my writing skills through formatting and editing and coming familiar with MLA and APA. My career goal of becoming a corporate manager will help me to develop strategies in determine the hiring process, and resolving conflicts. By attending the University of Phoenix will help gain the requirements my company seeks out in a top-level management position. Payless usually looks for a bachelor degree in their higher-level management associates with the skills to work as part of a team, being creative, and presentation skills. I plan to use the knowledge I have gained from the University of Phoenix and on the job training in order to accomplish my goal. My academics goals include receiving an A in all my classes. Even though I know it will not be easy I plan to achieve this goal by completing my assignments on time. By reading the required material prior to class, not missing any days of course and team meetings, and just focusing on the end result of graduating. In the business world there will always be many complex problems that will occur and I know that I will be prepared on how to best solve them. Being able to present ideas more clearly in my writing is very important, as well as to be able to develop more of my critical thinking process. Another goal in which I will achieve involves performing well on test and to increase my ability to work together as a team to complete the assignments. Another goal is to stay motivated, which I know will not always be easy, and understand how school will pay off financially in the end. Solving and analyzing problems such as training, and hiring employees is goal I plan to achieve. .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 , .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .postImageUrl , .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 , .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:hover , .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:visited , .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:active { border:0!important; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:active , .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34 .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8753504fd7b8ec0ea76936946b012c34:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: World War One. The first great tragedy of humanity Essay Overall I want to develop leadership skills to become an effective overall manager. These goals I .

Violence In Hockey Essays - Violence In Sports, Dispute Resolution

Violence In Hockey Violence is no stranger to hockey. As if legal body checking and stick checking did not make the sport rough enough, more and more players unleash their rage through extensive violence on the ice. Violence in hockey is what blacklists American players as second class. This is because of the rise of the violence trend throught the eighties and nineties into what is now a bloody and injury filled sport. Violence in hockey is so big that it is even going on trial when, "Wayne County (Michigan) begins prosecution of Jesse Boulerice. Boulerice, a Philadelphia Flyers prospect, attacked Andrew Long, a Florida Panthers prospect, by giving him a two handed baseball swing to the face with a hockey stick during an Ontario Hockey League playoff game in April of 1998." (Biggane Brian, Palm Beach Post) And this is only one example of how widespread violence is in hockey. "Today, aside from boxing, ice hockey (in North America) is unique among sports in condoning violence." (Bird, Patrick J. Ph.D., Column 460) In fact, violent penalties have doubled in the NHL since 1975. Many coaches and players credit this behavior to the popular myth that the more aggressive team wins. This myth has come about by the aggressive tactics used by coaches in the mid to late eighties. These tactics revolved around disabling the other team by using slightly rougher checks to throw the other player off balance, and have since evolved to the incorporation of hockey and violence. Studies, however, have showed the exact opposite, in terms of violence and wins. Over the course of the past twenty-five years, as we have seen violence double, it has been observed that violent teams tend to lose more than non-violent teams. The facts may point towards non-violence in hockey but it still seems to retain its appeal. There are a high percentage of fans which prefer violence in hockey, and even those who watch hockey purely for the violence. The bottom line is that violence makes for profitable entertainment so it is on the rise. Violence on the ice also brings about the macho appeal which a lot of the players would like to be associated with. Many researchers say that this association stems from little league, where studies show that parents and coaches allow violence. Some people say the worst is yet to come and some people say the sport used to be rougher. "Players, such as Joe Kocur, say, "it was alot rougher ten years ago" (Kupelian, Vartan, The Detroit News). (This may be because of less gear required ten years ago and the less refined referees.) "Five of the longest suspensions have been handed out since 1993, and the penalties are only getting rougher. And, more equipment is mandatory as opposed to the helmet optional policy of the eighties." (Kupelian, Vartan, The Detroit News) This shows how officials keep a closer eye on the game and require more protective gear because of rougher conditions. "Is there a relationship between violence and winning in hockey? Despite the wide belief that the more aggressive and violent team wins, the exact opposite is true." (Bird, Patrick J. Ph.D., Column 460) In studies conducted by the APA (American Psychological Association), teams with a higher number of fighting penalties tend to be lower in standing than those with less fighting penalties. "Teams who rely on finnesse and grace, instead of losing control and causing fights, are teams which usually win."(Dr. Walker, Texas Youth Commission) This explains why European and Russian usually win international hockey games their fighting penalties and violent penalties are much less than in the U.S. A more recent study, conducted by Dr. Walker, violence prevention specialist for Texas' juvenile corrections agency, shows the same results as the A.P.A. study. This study looked at violence in Stanley Cup Championship games and, of all 1,462 recorded penalties of all Stanley Cup games from 1980 to 1997, shows that teams playing with less violence were more likely to win and averaged more than seven more shots on goal per game than teams that played with more violence. Over the course of the seven game series, that would equal out to fifty-three more shots on goal. That is more than a whole extra games worth of shots on goal if less violence is used. Dr. Walker also found losing teams demonstrate more violent behavior early on the game. This suggests that violence was not due to frustration of losing but rather, to a planned, and intentional strategy which was possibly based on the

A Modest Proposal By Swift Essays - Pamphlets, Humour, Fiction

A Modest Proposal By Swift Essays - Pamphlets, Humour, Fiction A Modest Proposal By Swift A Modest Proposal was a satirical essay written by Jonathan Swift depicting the horrific conditions of Ireland and the lives of the Irish people in 1729. The author portrays and attacks the cruel and unjust oppression of Ireland by its oppressor, the mighty English and ridicules the Irish people at the same time. However, Swift's opposition is indirectly presented. Jonathan Swift is able to do so by using the persona, irony, and wit in order to expose the remarkable corruption and degradation of the Irish people, and at the same time present them with practicable solutions to their unscrupulous and pathetic lives. The author uses a satire to accomplish his objective not only because he is able to conceal his true identity but also because it is the most effective way to awake the people of Ireland into seeing their own depravity. Swift creates a fictional persona because by hiding his true identity he is able to convince the readers of the significance of Ireland's problem and allow them to see truth and reality. The persona is a concerned Irishman who is very intelligent, sound, and serious. He appears to be a brute and a monster for proposing something evil and immoral very calmly as if it is normal to consume the flesh of another human being. What makes his proposal to be even more depraved is that he proposes to eat the babies. The persona declares, and at exactly at one year old that I propose to provide for them, in a such a manner as, instead of being a charge upon their parents, or the parish, or wanting food and raiment for the rest of their lives, they shall, on the contrary, contribute to the feeding and partly to the clothing of many thousands. The persona justifies his proposal with numerous reasons. Besides the prevention of voluntary abortions and infanticide, it will also prevent the loss of m oney for maintenance of children and the abuse of women and children. The number of Papists would be reduced and the children will not become beggars, thieves, or prostitutes. The proposal will aid in the increase in the status of the peasantry, promote love, and care from the mothers towards their children. However the persona alone is inadequate to make the narrator seem too plausible. The persona must utilize irony and wit in order for his essay to be more efficacious. A Modest Proposal is so effective and appealing because of the authors' copious uses of irony throughout his essay. The title itself is definitely ironic. It provides the reader with false expectations of decency and sensibility on the part of the writer. The butchery of innocent babies and the use of their skin for clothing is way beyond being modest. It is brutal and insane. The proposal is intended to shock and throw the reader off balance. The narrator also ridicules the Irish. His proposal would be a great incentive for marriage, not because the Irish will marry for the expected reasons, of love and happiness. Instead they will marry for money. As the persona pronounces, this would be a great inducement to marriage, which all wise nations have either encouraged by rewards or enforced by laws and penalties. Moreover, this proposal if put into effect would aid in establishing love and care in families, between spouses and towards the children. The mother would provide her babies w ith better nourishment. Since, plump, fat, and juicy babies are worth more than the lean and abused ones. The husbands will become fond of their wives and refrain from abusing them, to avoid a possible miscarriage. Furthermore, normally the child is introduced to Christianity to celebrate his or her birth and introduction to Christianity. However, ironically Christenings will celebrate a baby's impending death. The baby must be murdered in order for the parents to profit. Thus, the primary motive of the Irish is money. The persona's ingenious display of irony serves a purpose for attacking, scorning, and exposing the vices of the Irish people. The narrator's brilliant and clever use of wit is definitely noteworthy throughout A Modest Proposal. In order to make cannibalism sound like the most practicable solution, the author

Traditional Academic Vs Modern Spoken Street French

Traditional Academic Vs Modern Spoken Street French Many French student have a shock when they go to France: although theyve studied French for many years, when they get to France, they cannot understand the natives. Does that sound familiar? Well you are not the only one.   French is an Evolving Language Like any other languages, French evolves. The French vocabulary of course, but the French grammar as well, and mostly the pronunciation. Its the same thing in English: you no longer say swell but awesome. I dont know anyone who regularly uses shall in the US, and night is becoming nite - although this one is not quite accepted yet!   This Evolution is Frown Upon By French Teachers and Purists This evolution is frown upon by French teachers and purists, who consider the language is becoming poorer. They are likely to use the modern pronunciation themselves when they are among friends and family, but will automatically watch their pronunciation when they are teaching / recording teaching methods. The French Taught In School is NOT the French Spoken Today The result is that the French youll traditionally find in schools and French learning methods is NOT the one actual French people speak today. This is true for any French person: no matter their age or standing, every single French person nowadays applies some glidings that are not taught to students of French. Spoken Street French Versus Book French Examples Let me give you some examples. Youve learned Je ne sais pas but will hear shay pa. (I dont know)Youve learned quelle heure but will hear kan à §a ?. (when/ at what time)Youve learned Je ne le lui ai pas donnà © but will hear shui aypa donà ©. (I didnt give it to him/her)Youve learned il ne fait pas beau but will hear ifay pabo. (The weather is not nice)Youve learned il ny a pas de quoi but will hear ya pad kwa. (Its nothing)Youve learned qui est-ce ? but will hear sà ©ki? (Who is it?)Youve learned Il ne veut pas ce qui est ici but will hear ivepa skià © tici. (He doesnt want what is here). Students seldom really master French liaisons, which are an essential part of French pronunciation, and theyve never heard glidings, street question construction, nor are they aware that entire words disappear (such as the ne part of the negation or many pronouns). And thats just pronunciation. Im not even getting into the in words used by the younger generations such as kiffer ( aimer) or elle lui a pà ©ta son iPhone - she broke his iPhone... You Need to Understand Mainstream Street French So, without going to the extreme and learn ghetto street French... you need to understand French like it is spoken by everybody in France nowadays. This is not the typical French youll find in books or even audio programs for French students. Unless your teacher is French or has spent a lot of time in France, s/he may not know how to speak like that. And many French teachers from France with higher diplomas will refuse to teach the modern glidings etc... thinking they are participating to the decadence of the language if they do.   So what French learning tools should you use? Read about the ​top French learning resources for the self studying student  - the only way you will learn to understand this modern spoken French is by working with audiobooks which focus on modern French and familiarise yourself with the modern glidings. Or of course, go to France in immersion, and practice with a teacher who accepts to put his teacher hat on the side and teach you the real spoken French language.​

The Social Context of Ethical Practice in Mental Health Care Essay

The Social Context of Ethical Practice in Mental Health Care - Essay Example It shall discuss the planning, implementation, and evaluation associated with their care relating it to the nursing process and theoretical framework and model of care underpinning the assessment. The driving force for the development of mental health policies were concerns on public safety and on the minimization of risk (Fry, 2011). In the 1700s, their fears of mental illness were mostly related to their fears on witchcraft and the devil. The lower classes believed that only by using violent means could the mental illness be treated. Among the upper classes, they were keen on morally condemning such illnesses; and their fears of these diseases impacted on mental health with the attitudes of apathy being expressed against these diseases (Fry, 2011). During King George’s time when he was apparently cured of his mental illness, the attitudes towards mental illness changed and took on a more accepting attitude. The people had faith in the belief that the mental illness can be cu red. As a result, asylums for the treatment of the mentally ill were established (Fry, 2011). More research on mental illness and on its treatment was carried out. Models of sanity were also conceptualized; these models were accepted among professionals and laymen. Unfortunately inasmuch as these asylums were built on noble and helpful reasons, they soon became places of incarceration for the mentally ill, not a place of treatment (Fry, 2011). The war gave birth to the so-called war trauma which was identified as a mental illness. This mental illness became the subject of many studies. However, even as the general concern was for the treatment of mental illnesses, the focus of legislation ran towards detainment and compulsory treatment (Fry, 2011). After the Second World War and with the advent of drug therapies, including tranquilizers and neuroleptics, better odds for the treatment of mental illness brought about legislation for the improvement of the treatment of patients in ment al institutions (Fry, 2011). In 1983, the Mental Health Act was introduced in order to secure the rights of mental health patients and to protect public safety. The National Health Service and Community Care Act of 1990 further improved this law by introducing community care for the mentally ill. More improvements were later seen on mental health care with the amendment of the Mental Health Act as introduced by the Mental Health Act of 2007. Description of patient My client who shall be referred to as Patient A was admitted into the rehabilitation unit from Ward 8 following his right below the knee amputation. His amputation was carried out as a result of infected foot ulcers. His sutures from his amputation were recently removed and he was now set to start the rehabilitation process. The rehabilitation unit where he was admitted specializes in orthopaedic and stroke rehabilitation patients, including patients having had fractures, amputations, and patients with bodily weakness caus ed by paralysis as a result of strokes and spinal injuries. The unit focuses on regaining mobility for patients, helping them regain strength and coordination in their movements, and assisting them in learning ways on how to carry out their daily activities even with their disabilities. On the third of March 2011, an ectasia was detected in his right common iliac. Further infection of foot ulcers in the area led to further

Atmospheric Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Atmospheric Pollution - Essay Example However, though there has been a wider appreciation of the urgency and importance of the issue, there is also a realization that there is a need to understand the geological implications and indications of atmospheric pollution and the contemporary challenges of developing transnational solutions (Shotbolt et al, 2005; Akimoto. 2003). Atmospheric pollution, or more popularly termed air pollution, is described to be as the introduction of particulates, chemicals and organisms that can diminish its quality to sustain biology or impair the environment (Maitre et al, 2006; Zhang et al, 2007; Bearchell et al, 2005). It should be noted however, the hazard attributed to the â€Å"pollution† is exclusive to human perspective (Smith, 2003). Gauci and associates (2004) point out that such perceived negative conditions may have been essential in the development of mineral deposits such as methane or as pointed out by Zhang and associates (2007), merely a fator in the geological geneiss of the earht’s atmosphere. Researches have indicated a global deterioration of vegetation, weather conditions and manageability, increased toxicity of water and soil as well as increase of prevalence and persistence of various pathogens to air quality deterioration (Maitre et al, 2006; Smith, 2003; Gauci et al, 2004; Bearchell e t al; 2005; Loupa et al; 2007). They point out that regardless of how seemingly confined air conditions maybe, the very nature of it implies that it will impact the world as whole eventually. Indirectly it has also impacted agriculture, which in turn has affected the quality of food sustainability of farming operations (Smith, 2003). In the research conducted by Maitre and associates (2006), they concluded that air pollution can directly impact the development of coronary heart disease not only as a consequence of respiratory conditions developed. In a similar manner, there has been a greater incidence of allergies, particularly young children, that has been

An analysis comparing the front pages of the Sun Essay Example for Free

An analysis comparing the front pages of the Sun Essay An analysis comparing the front pages of the Sun and the Mirror, considering the impact of ownership, the way front pages are constructed, the audience and issues of representation. Introduction The term Tabloid refers to a newspaper that focuses more on celebrity gossip and sport as opposed to a broadsheet, which puts more of an emphasis on serious issues and world affairs. Tabloids are renowned for their easy-reading factor with large print and many pictures, they are the ideal choice for people who are maybe not particularly intellectual, although this is of course a stereotype as many people from all different walks of life and intellectual abilities choose to read Tabloids. . Tabloid newspapers tend to be cheap and the newspapers we have chosen to study are no exception, with the Sun priced at 30p and the Mirror priced at 32p. The front pages that I will analyze were both published on Monday 17th November 2003 (just two days after Englands World Cup glory against Australia). In my opinion, it is important to study the tabloid press in order to have an understanding of the way in which they work. Also, we need to appreciate that bias is common and stories are not always truthful and that a particular trait of them is to sensationalize stories in order to make them appear more dramatic. Rupert Murdoch owns the Sun, which is only a fraction of his vast media empire. Other mediums in his power include the Times, Sky television and News of the World. Born in 1931 in Australia, Murdoch is considered one of the most influential media entrepreneurs of today. Murdoch is a strongly right-wing capitalist who famously helped to keep Margaret Thatcher in power. In contrast, the owner of the Mirror, Robert Maxwell, born in 1923 was strongly in favour of the Labour party and hated Margaret Thatcher, which, therefore, made him a socialist. These political views are important because of the vast effect that they have on readers; for example, because Murdoch supported Thatcher, it is likely that they would have launched a campaign to keep her in power. This would have had a major influence on the general public. Institution The dangers of cross-media ownership are quite severe. One of the main effects that can occur is one point of view being broadcast over a variety of different medias. As a result, most people will receive news and current affairs in a way that is biased towards the owners perspective. This would influence the audiences to shape opinions similar to those of the owner. The two front pages have both obviously been influenced by the ownership. The Sun, who are in favour of Bush, has run the same story as the Mirror but have written the story to represent Bush in a positive light. This is particularly illustrated through the photographs used in the articles. The Mirror has used a picture that portrays Bush to be solemn and unfriendly. In contrast, The Suns makes Bush appear pleasant and welcoming. In addition, the headlines Chicken George and Your troops did not die in vain show Bush in contrasting lights. Obviously, Murdoch or his editors have chosen a quote from George Bush to make their newspaper appear important and have placed a banner which proclaims: Bushs personal message to Sun readers; this is effective as it personalizes it and therefore increase sales rate because you may buy the paper to discover the message and also making it personal is a successful persuasive technique. The PCC (Press Complaints Commission) is a body which controls what the press can and cannot do, all newspapers must adhere to the PCCs code. In my opinion, the Mirror have stretched this code for not distinguishing between conjecture and fact, particularly in the quote: Was last night branded a chicken because it does not state who says it, for all we know it could have been the journalists opinion; however, they get away with it! In conclusion, a knowledge of institution (who controls what you read and how people and events are represented in the media) is extremely important in order to understand the ways that tabloids can be biased by ownership and to avoid being persuaded one particular viewpoint we must discover the facts before we make pre or misconceived judgements about a current issue. Media Language The main features of the front page of the Mirror are, first, a picture of Jonny Wilkinson. A white light, which makes him appear angelic and a hero surround him, this is paired with the headline Jonny B God it is securing his place as a national hero. Secondly, your eyes are drawn to the headline Chicken George. Moreover, there is a 3am section aimed specifically at women; this may help to attract more women customers because they feel they are being catered for. In comparison, on the front page of the Sun, there is also a picture of Jonny Wilkinson from a slightly different angle and then the headline: your troops did not die in vain. This headline is also underlined which connotes a sense of importance. The masthead of the Sun is rather plain, containing only the basic facts of price, name, website and date. Whereas the mast head of the Mirror is more bold and angular which makes it appear more significant, it contains all the same facts as the Sun apart from in place of the website are the words Newspaper of the Year. This is more effective because it implies that people have chosen this newspaper over the Sun. The language of the Suns headline is quite formal and it is also unusual to have a quote as headline. This is quite effective because it suggests that there is a special feature about Bush inside which could be a selling point of the paper. However, the language of the Mirrors front page is quite informal and immature, this may appeal to people who want a light hearted read so it could equally use this as a selling point. It very much depends on the individual. The tone of the Mirror is rather like a parody of George Bush: it mocks him and taunts him, which presents him in a negative light. On the other hand, The Sun is rather serious and they appear to be hanging on to Bushs every word. The news values according to theorists Galtung and Ruge referred to on the front pages of the Sun and the Mirror are both demand, reference to elite persons and reference to something negative. The political orientation is evident on both headlines, particularly by the slant that is put on the splash stories. The tones of both articles imply two contrasting things about George Bush. In summary, the format of a tabloid front page will often contain at least one picture, usually more, and the picture will tend to be at the top of the page or at the side. The headline will often be below and, usually, the main photograph will not link to the splash. Audience The audience is vital to the press, without an audience there would be no press. They shape what stories are run and the political orientation. Tabloids are popular because of their easy reading factor. They often focus more on human-interest stories, which can make the newspapers a more compelling read they are also often more accessible than broadsheets which tend to be aimed at more business men whereas tabloids are stereotypically aimed at manual workers aged between 25 and 50. The papers address their audiences in very separate ways. Whilst the Mirror tends to use headlines and language that their audience can relate to, the Sun often use provocative pictures to entice men to buy the paper; this is based on the idea that sex sells. The Mirror has obviously attempted to appeal to women by including a section only aimed at them, which contains a Love Actually feature. In addition to these there is a free Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles DVD that may appeal to families, predominantly families with young sons. Also, there is another free gift of a poster of Jonny Wilkinson that is chiefly aimed at supporters of England and sports fans. If a tabloid published a story that was of high demand, it is likely that the sales rate would increase for that day. However, if you put on a story that some find offensive then you would expect the sales rate to decline. Demand for a story though is probably the deciding factor for whether or not a story would appear on the front page or not. Tabloids can have a major influence on many things by what they say and do. For example, if a tabloid was in favour of the Labour party at the time of an election, it is very likely that they could use their influence to encourage others to vote labour. Representation The main factors that influence how a story is being represented are the political bias of the owner and editor, the popularity of a person or an event or, occasionally, how the person who is being represented wishes to be portrayed. However, this is rare as editors know they are much more likely to sell papers when they make reference to something negative according to Galtung and Ruges theory of news selection. The story on Jonny Wilkinson in the Mirror represents him in a positive light, the white glow around him connotes that he is of an almost godly status because of the denotation on the screen, and the headline Jonny B God confirms this. Jonny Wilkinson was not particularly an elite person before all the media coverage of his notorious drop-goal, so all the stories in the papers have contributed to his super-star reputation. Obviously, he has been represented in this way because of the demand from their audience. The only reason he has been represented in this way is because he won the World Cup, if he had missed his drop-goal then such a fuss would not of been made and Jonny Wilkinson would not have been the nations hero. Foreign news is much less likely to be reported in newspapers than local news. This is because the general public are much less likely to be interested in something that is happening abroad unless it applies directly to them. Therefore, in the newspapers, foreign news that does not apply to us as a country, very rarely occurs in the British press. In my opinion, the editor of the Sun has chosen to represent George Bush in a good way because of the renowned political opinion of his newspaper and because he is aware of his audiences political opinions as well. Therefore, he must conform to these expectations. Similarly, the Mirror is required to do the same but instead of making George Bush appear good, they must present him as being weak and fearful. The way a story is represented affects whether the public are supportive or unsupportive to a current news affair depending on how it has been represented in the media through the use of language and photographs. Newspapers aim to cause controversy through putting bias on stories, this is specifically to manipulate a certain reaction from the public. In conclusion, the way newspapers represent something has a particular effect on how it is received by the public. Conclusion The foremost difference between the Sun and the Mirror are the contrasting political viewpoints. This is evident in many of their stories by the bias that is used. I think that the Mirrors layout is better than the Suns because it appears more orderly and not so cluttered. In my opinion, the tabloid press is an important and influential part of society. I disagree with the way that they harass celebrities and invade their privacy but appreciate that this all part of their job. I also realize that it is vital to be aware of the ways that ownership can affect the way an issue is represented. Furthermore, it is crucial to be able to recognise bias in a tabloid and the reasons a story has been biased in order to make up your own mind without being influenced by the opinion of a journalist.

Geography of Trinidad :: Essays Papers

Geography of Trinidad Just seven miles of northeast of its mother land Venezuela, separated by the Gulf of Paria , Trinidad is one of only 1,864 square miles. It is an island surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. With a longitude (W) of between 60* 54' and 61*56', Trinidad has a latitude (N) of between 10* 3' and 10* 50'.With a tropical climate and rainy season that runs form June to December, unlike the other Caribbean Islands, Trinidad is not on the tropical storms and hurricane paths. Moreover the mountains of Trinidad are unlike those of the other Caribbean Islands. Trinidad has mountains that stretch southwards to the plain and along the gulf and down to the sea, the mountains lay along the whole northern boarder. Its mountains are not steep, cone shaped and rugged. From east to west the mountains of Trinidad run in three lines that are parallel but are separated by two large valleys. As De Verteuil wrote â€Å" Trinidad, being a comparatively newly-settled island, presen ts in many parts the appearance of a wild unreclaimed country. It is covered with dense and lofty forests, the heavy appearance of endless woodland being only broken here and there by vast savannahs, or by the effort of agricultural industry, - except, perhaps, at the Naparimas , where an extensive district is under uninterrupted cultivation.† As beautiful as the valleys are, the plantations have its own beauty, filled with cane-fields and cacao plants, giving it a violet-red hue when the leaves are young, and a range of colors from red, yellow, green, and dark crimson pod withy the older branches. Trees are also very colorful, some have flowers and some such as the Poui have a brilliant yellow color, The Roble has an orange color, and there are many other trees that have colors from white to pink and violaceouse. At the same time, because most of the population deals with plantation, as estimated in 1993, fifteen percent of the land is permanent crops and nine percent permane nt pastures, there are many environmental issues. Some of these current issues in Trinidad include â€Å"water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion†. Trinidad also has many valuable natural resources such as natural gas, asphalt, and petroleum.

Gather facts interview

In most cases, information systems are formal, computer based systems that play an integral role in organizations. Some information systems include: transaction processing systems, which simply record the routine transactions needed to conduct business, like payroll, shipping, or sales orders: and office automation systems, which are intended to increase the productivity of office errors and include such systems like word processing, electronic mail, and digital filing. The various types of information systems in an organization are interconnected to allow for information sharing.Inventory management to a layman may be defined as a system used in a firm to control the firm investment in inventory. According to (T LUCY 1 996) it involves the recording and monitoring of stock levels, forecasting future demands and decides when and how many to order. 1. 1 Background of the Study Divine supermarket is located in Nassau town along Him road, it deals in grocery. It uses the manual system o f sales transactions and purchases. Sales recording, when a product is being sold the records are just written on papers and books manually.This leads to poor data Storage and retrieval. Customer registration, the details of the customers are recorded whenever they enters the supermarket and this is done manually with a pen and the book where the same details can be recorded many times leading to data redundancy. Stocks updating, in order for the staff to know the amount of stock available, the manager just count the products one by one. This takes a lot of time and onetime leads to counting errors hence producing poor results.The finding shows the challenges facing the manual system of inventory management system; the manual system requires everyday counting of items in the inventory, human errors are very prevalent during counting and recording and in case of disaster like fire or flood or poor communication, all the manual inventory records will be damaged and irretrievable. The accountant manually computes and totals the amount of monthly sales, purchases and expenses. In manual inventory, missing receipts, sales, expenses and inventory records are hard to track back. 1. 2 Problem StatementProcesses at Divine are managed manually which results into poor record keeping and management, time wastage in retrieving information, data redundancy, monetary loss resulting from poor calculations, duplication of data and data insecurity. 1. 3 Objectives of the Study 1. 3 . 1 Main objective To develop an automated inventory management system that saves time, reduce costs, and provide quality services for customers. 1. 3. 2 Specific objectives I. To study and analyses the current system. Ii. To design the system iii. To implement the system iv. To test the system 1. 4 Research Questions I. How does the current system work? I. What are requirements for designing an inventory management system? Iii. How the system is implemented? Iv. What are the methods used for testing the system? 1. 5 Scope of the Study 1. 5. 1 Geographical scope This research work covers stock control, sales management, customer registration, purchases and tends to correct anomalies in the supermarket database. It analyses stock updates and ability to view existing stock. It provides quick way of operation by capturing the manual processes and automates them. 1-5. 2 Time scope The study covered a period of five months from September 2014 to January 2015 1. Significance of the Study . To provide an effective supermarket database that handles sales, purchases and overall stock control to save time, prevent congestion of customers and provide data recovery program for effectiveness of the supermarket operations. Ii. To act as a ground for the future scholars or academics in future research in the field of improving inventory management. Iii. To reduce the costs of information storage and retrieval. CHAPTER MO LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 0 Introduction This chapter gives a view of the sel ected existing system from literature on inventory management.It covers the overview of the types of inventory kept ND system design and implementation. According to (S. C Sahara (1999). P. 509, 512). Inventory is considered as a systematic location, storage and recording of goods in such away that desired degree of service can be made to the operating shops at a minimum ultimate cost According to (Pander 1990) inventory management is stock of the product a firm is manufacturing for sale and the components that makes up a product. Firm hold inventory in a form of raw material, work in progress, finished goods and supplies.These inventories facilitates production and sales operation, guard against the risk f unpredictable changes in usage and delivery time and take advantage of quality discount and price frustration. Donnelly (1990) states that inventory management and control process are very useful in determining the optimum level of inventories and finding answers to the problem o f economic order quality, the re-order point and safety stock. 2. 1 Inventory Control and Management Inventory management is defined as the system in a firm to control the firm's investment in inventory.It involves the recording and monitoring of stock level, fostering future demand and deciding on when and how to order. The objective of inventory management is to minimize in total, the cost associated with inventory (T Lucy, 1996). According to Salem (1 997), inventory control refers to a planned method of purchasing and storing materials at the lowest possible cost without affecting the production distribution schedule. Inventory control therefore is a scientific method of determining what, when and how much to have in stock for a given period of time. 2. Importance of inventory Management Systems Inventory management is an important part of a business because inventories are usually the largest expenses incurred from business operations. Most companies will use an inventory manag ement system that will track and maintain the inventories required to meet customer demand. Most systems used by companies are linked to meet the management or accounting information systems increasing the effectiveness of their operations. (Kumara Nixon 2006) 2. 2. 1 Inventory Orders Inventory management system help business order inventory by accurately recording consumer sales.Electronic inventory systems can track sales in a real time- time format, ordering inventory automatically when current stock hits a predetermined minimum levels. Electronic ordering known as electronic Data interchange (EDI), allows companies to maintain the proper amount of stock by not increasing costs through over- ordering of inventory . EDI also ensures placed orders are placed immediately, ensuring shortly amounts o lead times to receive new inventory(junkyards Nixon 2006) . 2. 2. 2 Stock Maintenance Computerized inventory management system allows companies to properly order and maintain several diff erent types of goods.Different styles, colors or size can easily be managed to ensure that consumers demand is met through offering a variety of goods. Most companies use inventory management to pep stock items separate from similar goods this allows management to determine which items are selling and which items need to be reduced from inventory based on poor sales. (Saxons 2003) 2. 3 The existing inventory management system This is the manual system where the customer buys a product by moving around the stock looking for the product without specific directions and after words goes to the cashier and pays for the product.A t this stage the accountant just write using a pen and a book to record the transaction and the total amount for sales and purchases are computed manually using a calculator. And lastly a receipt is issued. This consumes a lot of time and even leads to data redundancy Customer registration is done manually whenever he/she enters the supermarket using books for re cord keeping which leads to redundancy of data. When stock is added, they just use man counting around stock to know the current status. 2. 3. Difficulties in the Manual Inventory System The current system operates manual inventory system, from stocks, products, ordering and purchases etc recorded in a book. This is faced with errors, incompleteness, and insufficient data for analysis. Information regarding tock, products, sales and purchases are still in black and white which is not properly organized and managed. From the wholesalers to retailer bills, tickets, vouchers, receipts of products are recorded in a book but further operations are not being properly handled. As a result it is difficult in processing, updating and managing.The factors for these difficulties are: Time Consumption, Manual inventory systems are time consuming, as the business owner must keep track of inventory sales on a daily basis, while updating the system manually at the end of the day. Poor Communicatio n, A annual inventory requires employees and managers to write down each time an item is removed from the inventory. If one employee forgets to mention that the last coffee product has been removed from the inventory, a manager expects the item to still be available for a customer during a sale.Compared with a technical inventory system, a manual inventory system does not help the communication in the workplace. Physical Counts, A manual inventory system does not provide any number, as all numbers from the inventory are gained through physical inventory counts. One of the difficulties of running a annual inventory system is that physical inventory counts must be performed frequently to control the items in the inventory. This is time consuming and can cost the business money, if employees must come in to help out outside of business hours.Daily Purchases, Keeping track of daily purchases is another difficult controlling measure with manual inventory systems. A manual inventory syste m requires the employees to write down the items sold during a single work day. This can be a difficult task, as one employee may lose the list of items sold or another may forget to write down a sale. Ordering Supplies, A manual inventory system does not update at the end of the day with updated inventory counts. This means you must go through the inventory items each time you need to place an order for new raw materials, products or supplies for the inventory.This can be a time consuming process, as you will physically have to go through each product box and browse through the items. 2. 4 The proposed inventory management system This is an automated inventory management system where all transactions are done electronically. In this, when a customer picks a product from stock takes it to the checkout assistants. Then the checkout assistants use bar code readers to scan purchases which are linked to the application program that uses a bar code reader to find the price of the item fr om the product database and then the stock is automatically reduced by the system.The program then reduces the number of such items in a stock and displays the price on the cash register. And customers' details are recorded. Most companies use inventory management to keep stock items separate from similar goods this allows management to determine which items are selling and which items need to be reduced from inventory based on poor sales. Saxons 2003) 2. 4. 1 Benefits of the proposed system I. Optimize the security and validity of the number of supplies, sales, purchases, expenses every month. Ii. Easier tracking down the purchases, expenses and inventory records. Ii. Support for inventory management that helps record and track materials on the basis of both quantity and value. Iv. Uses less of time for the accessing data or information. V. All data or information that currently stored in the drawers or racks will be transfer to the database system that will be safely saved in the computer. CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. 0 Introduction This chapter contains the research design, population study, sampling design, data collection and system analysis. A qualitative research will be used by the research. . 1 System investigation This will involve investigating the weaknesses of the system where the system investigation techniques like case diagrams will be used. Case diagrams depict the system's operation where they demonstrate system processes. Questionnaires given to a large number of users Formal interviews with selected key personnel Observing a sample of users as they go about their daily tasks with the current system Analyzing existing documents to understand what data is created and how it is then manipulated by the system. . 2 Population study The study area was Divine supermarket and the study population consisted of the manager, and staff and customers. The sample size 30 respondents were interviewed with the use interviews, questionnaires and ob servations 3. 3 Data gathering techniques 33. 1 Interview This will involve face to face direct conversation were questions and answers where he main theme. The researcher will approach the users directly in order to obtain comments and notes about the current supermarket inventory management system.The interview questions will be designed in line with the objectives Of the study . The interviewees mentioned the problems that where encountered in the use manual system and also gave the possible causes of the problems which where faced. It is unlikely that a single interview with a user will cover everything the analyst needs to know. Therefore part of the plan should include 3 interview types I. An initial interview This interview is to scope out the overall problem that the new system is to solve and any shortcomings in the current system.This interview provides the analyst with a context for the project. This information is recorded in the definition part of the the requirements d ocument ii. Gather facts interview The initial interview allowed the analyst to have a view of the project and begin to understand what needs to be done. This second interview is intended to gather detailed information about the system. This information helps build up the draft requirements document iii. Final interview The draft requirements document has been written.This interview goes through the relevant part of it with the interviewee (who could be user, management or customer). They confirm that the requirement document is correct or they provide feedback if any changes need to be made. 3. 3. 2 Observations. This will include observation of the services of the current system. The researcher will use this process to verify the data collected from the above methods and also to capture some more data that could have been ignored. And will be done by looking at the systems performance of the supermarket. Methods of observation could be either direct or indirect. . Direct. As in si tting next to the user and viewing work done. This has the advantage f being able to ask questions as you go along but has the disadvantage of users being uncomfortable with someone looking over their shoulder. This may lead to people carrying out the task as it ‘should' be done rather than how they really do it. Ii. Indirect With their permission, users could be viewed with remote video cameras. This avoids the awkwardness of being right next to them but it has the disadvantage of being less able to ask questions on the spot.It is also more costly to set up and may be impractical in open-air environments (for example fire-brigade or ambulance systems perhaps). 3. 3. Questionnaires The questionnaires were closed ended to enable the respondents to understand them and answer them appropriately with ease. It will include the liker scale that is Agree, strongly agree, not sure, disagree, and strongly disagree. I. Closed questions (multiple choice), These are easy to analyze but th e choices provided must be different enough to make it simple for the user to select one. They must also include the most relevant choices. I. Open questions, these offer the chance to obtain more detailed answers and to seek opinions. They are however more difficult to analyze than closed questions and people may not provide useful answers. 3. 4 System analysis This will involve careful analysis and study to understand how the designed system would differ from the old system. It describes what system should do so as to satisfy the needs of the user. It will also involve study of sets of interacting entities, including computer systems analysis. This field is closely related to requirements analysis or operations research.It is also â€Å"an explicit formal inquiry carried out to help someone (referred to as the decision maker) identify a better course of action and make a better decision than he eight otherwise have made. † This will be done in form of expressing responses a s squares correlation of the population and by use of frequency distribution tables and SPAS. 3. 5 System design This will involve a detailed specification of the computer-based solution to the above-mentioned requirements. Context diagram, Data flow diagrams and entity relationships diagrams will be used for designing the proposed system. . 5. 1 Data Flow Diagram The DEED Diagram for Inventory Management System is a data flow diagram of graphical representation and commonly used also for the visualization of tortured design data processing through an information system, it's an important technique for modeling process aspects with a system's high-level detail by showing what kinds Of data will be/how to input and Output from the system, where the data will come from and go to by sequentially, and where the data result will be stored through functional transformations.

Place Of Buddhist Education Earliest and In Present Day in Vietnam

Buddhism has been present in Vietnam for almost two thousand years. Buddhism is an offshoot of Hinduism. It originated in Nepal in 530 B. C. A Hindu price, Gautama who did not like the idea of Hindu caste system, was the founder of Buddhism. Gautama did not believe that any man could be superior to the other and as Hinduism Brahmans are considered superior, he left this religion . Gautama had spent many years wandering and meditating. In the end he found answers to all his questions and hence found the path of enlightenment, â€Å"nirvana†. According to Buddhism, nirvana is the path to endless serenity.It is free from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth. Moreover, a person will achieve salvation if he believes in the four noble truths. These four noble truths are that a man suffers in all his consecutive lives; the reason for his sufferings is his wants for earthly things, when the person frees himself from all the wants of earthly things he then achieves deliverance. The la st noble truth says that a person can achieve deliverance by following the eightfold noble path . BUDDHIST SCHOOLS Buddhism spread in Vietnam through China in second century A. D. In third and sixth century it came from India.Buddhism came through Vietnam's Red River Delta region and Mekong Delta area. Mahayana Buddhism came from China and became more famous than Theravada (or Hinayana) Buddhism. Theravada Buddhism came from India and was accepted by people in the Southern delta region. Both of these have different views about Gautama Buddha. According to Mahayana Buddhism, Buddha was one of many enlightened people. They also believe that out of all these people Buddha was the divine one. Theravada Buddhism believes that Buddha was the only enlightened one and that there was no other than him.However they think that Buddha cannot be called as the divine one. The Mahayana school also believes that any person can achieve nirvana and that who ever follows the right path will be able to reach nirvana but Theravada school says that only monks and nuns can attain nirvana. These two schools of Buddhism are actually different interpretations of one basic belief. These are the earliest schools in Vietnam. Why did Mahayana become more accepted? It is because the Mahayana ritual and imagery attracted the Vietnamese. Its ceremonies were in conformity with original Vietnamese beliefs and rituals.This school of Buddhism also combined folklore with Taoist teachings. The enlightened ones in Buddhism were respected as animist spirits. In 7th century C. E, Mahayana school became a little more developed. It was then called Vajrayana. This had an influence of Hinduism also but had similar teachings as of Mahayana. The aim of Vajrayana is the same as that in Mahayana, that is to attain Buddhahood, but the tantric practices showed a quick way to achieve this end . BUDDHISM BEFORE UNIFICATION Before the country was unified, Buddhism was the state religion. When the communist gained power, Buddhism religion came under continuous hostility.Later, the Patriotic Buddhist Liaison Committee was formed. This committee tried to separate real collaborators from opponents. It promoted the idea that all Buddhist wanted to build a new society. This society was free from the feudal and neo-colonialist influences. This committee tried to prove that all Buddhist were involved in this committee and that they were trying to put a halt to independent Buddhist clergy’s activities to a halt. The communist in those times tried to pressure the monks and nuns to lead their life in such a way that they do not oppose their worldly desires.However the main aim of Buddhism is to lead a secular life, hence whoever disobeyed these communists was placed under house arrest or imprisoned. All their holdings were confiscated most of their religious places were turned in to public use. Trainings of monks and nuns were stopped. In 1981, a Buddhist church was formed in Vietnam which repre sented all Buddhists. Though Buddhists activities were taking place in some remote areas but each and every pagoda in the country had been destroyed. The main aim of these communists was to stop any religious growth of Buddhists.Whatever Buddhists remained were practicing their religion but no new monks and nuns were allowed to be ordained. When the Buddhist church was formed in 1981, it helped train a new generation of monks and nuns. Two Buddhists academy were formed one in Hanoi and another in Ho Chi Minh City. BUDDHIST EDUCATION The education system in Vietnam is of great importance as it declares the identity of a nation. This identity is also characterized by the culture and religion and is the core element in cooperation with other nations. The culture might makeup the identity of a nation.This culture is influenced by the education of the country and more importantly the higher education. From very early period Buddhists are concerned about education. In third century almost 9 Dhamma missionaries were sent to different areas of south East Asia in order to teach people about Buddhism . This is the oldest example telling Buddhists concern about Buddhist studies. These 9 Dhamma missionaries started a wave of missionaries. These were sent to Sri Lanka, Thailand and china etc. Today, due to these missionaries and Buddhist schools, Buddhists are present in very corner of the world.Vietnamese Buddhist education leaders are very much concerned about the global demands and needs of Buddhist education. In 1975, when the country got united, there already was a higher education institution in South; it was named Van Hanh University. This university was popular internationally and had close interaction with many other universities of the world. After 1980s two advanced schools were established in Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City. These schools trained monks and nuns at B. A level. Due to growing demand these two higher education schools were later turned in to universit ies.These now trained monks and nuns at not only undergraduate level but also postgraduate level. In 1997, one more Buddhist university was formed, this time in Hue city. Today, there are almost 40, 000 monks and nuns. There are almost six colleges and 31 high schools teaching Buddhism . In past few years many Buddhist colleges have been made. These Buddhist colleges give Buddhist education at B. A level. Many monks and nuns have been sent to other countries like India, China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand and United States, in order to have higher education. These students come back with PhDs and master degrees.This will help improve the quality of education and increase the number of teaching staff in the country. These students not only spread the good name of Buddhism but also help impart their knowledge to other Buddhist students in Vietnam. Though Buddhism is present in every corner of the world and is considered on of the global religions, it has never tried to alter or threaten th e cultures and traditions of any place. The main reason for this is that Buddha’s original teachings never tried to alter anyone’s culture. It was with the doctrine of dependent origin (Paticcasamuppada).They have a general formula which says that nothing exists independently. Moreover, the Chinese Hua Yen school believes in the theory of totalism. This theory says that all the things in the universe have their own qualities. These are fully present within or without Dhamma. Hence, we can say that Buddhists studies believe that all existence in the world is interdependent regardless of their faith, nation or religion. This attitude of Buddhist studies has helped Buddhism spread throughout the world. Education can be called a tool which helps a human being grow, transform and learn.Education in many areas of the world is a social liability, but never can we see that it illuminates the light of truth and goodness like Buddhist education. The prime responsibility of Dhamm a schools is to transform a character. A person has values which are responsible for his character. These values come from ideals. Buddhist educators determine these ideals and teach students about a proper Buddhist life. There are five qualities that Buddhism education brings from the teachings of Buddha. The first one is concerned with emotions of a human. Second is related to education and wisdom.Others relate to better living styles like avoid killing, stealing, sexual abuse and drinking. The Buddhist education transforms a character in real terms. The character and intelligence, both are tried to be balanced. The entire Buddhist education comes from the studies of Buddha, who is the supreme teacher. All of the studies root from saddha, which is the faith in triple Gem. Depdnding upon these studies the students are taught according to the five rules. The students should know the rules, their reason and their appliance in daily lives. Most importantly, they should appreciate all these rules and believe in them.The students should know what is generosity and self sacrifice. These are essential elements that help the students overcome their worldly desires, their selfishness and greed. These five moral rules are dependent on each other. A student can gain by suta, which is by extensive reading of Buddhism texts. According to Buddhist studies the knowledge of a person is dependent on his inside belief of truth i. e. Dhamma. Calm and insight are the two main elements of any Buddhist teaching. In Buddhist education tasks and wisdom are dependent on each other. A student can attain wisdom by deep investigation, discussion and intelligence.This wisdom was the basic instruments which lead Buddha to salvation. This wisdom is the crown of all educations of Buddhism. Without wisdom, education is incomplete. Before French, people were chosen based on their education. These were officials known as â€Å"mandarins†. Learning was very important in those times. It w as not just education but it lead a person to intellectual understanding, social standing, wealth and power. According to Buddha himself, â€Å"There arose in me vision, knowledge, wisdom, understanding, and light . † Today, Buddhist monasteries still give Buddhist education to scholars.Buddhist relics are found all over Vietnam. These relics indicate that there were Buddhists present there in one time or the other. Religious education was provided to masses, and every nook and corner of Vietnam had places for Buddhist education. During rainy seasons the monks rested in viharas, which was also their place of meditating. The Stupa is also a place where Buddhist education can be taught. Usually in a stupa there is a large place which can hold the teacher student class. Sometimes there are stone benches and a place on the wall used as a writing board.Sometimes there are cubicles which are all around the hall. In olden days Buddhist scholars were taught in stupas. The academic da y in a Buddhist school starts with paying of obeisance to Buddha. â€Å"Siddham namah† is recited till today and it means â€Å"I bow to Buddha †. Older Buddhists usually write these words when starting to write any text. Vietnamese Buddhists are trying hard to encourage people to learn Buddhism. They are conveying the message of peace as Buddhism is a religion of peace and mental development. Buddhism has contributed a lot to Vietnam’s development.Buddhists monks are brought together from inside and outside the country. VBS, also known as Vietnam Buddhist Sangha is the only representative of Buddhism in Vietnam . They have worked very hard in order to spread and teach Buddhism. Today there are almost 15,000 worship places in Vietnam and 10 million Buddhist followers. Almost 40,000 monks and nuns have studies Buddhism. Though there were a few schools in the country and only one Buddhist institute names Van Hanh in Ho Chi Minh City. Today there are four institute s, six colleges and 31 high schools which teach Buddhist education.Almost 200 monks and nuns went abroad to study Buddhism. Each and every one of them either got a PhD or a master’s degree. Many thousand students are studying Buddhism in Vietnamese schools. VBS runs almost 1,000 classrooms for disadvantaged children. There are almost 36 Buddhist orphanages all across the country. Almost 10 vocational training schools have been built by VBS. These schools train people free of charge. Buddhist education system is indeed prospering and when a nation’s education system is that well it certainly has an impact on other walks of life also.Buddhists Monks and nuns organize a large number of humanitarian works. They have campaigns to raise funds for flood victims, build charity houses and provide medical care to the poor and disabled. Over past 5 years VBS has raised almost $25 million for charity works. Due to Buddhists scholars going abroad for learning, there has been a deep integration of Buddhist education in the international economies also. Many Buddhist students from all over the world come to Vietnam to study Buddhism. It ahs become an international arena and attracts Buddhist scholars from all over the world.Though Vietnam is a poor country with low per capita income yet it has one of the highest literacy rates. The literacy rate in Vietnam in 1997 was 92%. There are over 2 million pupils all over the country. In 2000, the budget share for education was almost 15%, out of which almost 80% was paid to the teachers . In 2008, Birth anniversary of Buddha will be held in Vietnam for the first time. Already almost 100 countries have registered so far. Indeed Buddhist education in Vietnam has opened the gates to the world’s community. People now from all over the world come to Vietnam to study religion.Vietnamese education system is one of the oldest and yet most advanced. Though there were no universities teaching Buddhism as a subject, today there are several universities which have Buddhist studies as their main subjects. CONCLUSION Buddhism is one of the most important religions of the World and has become one of the fastest spreading religions also. The materialistic nature of human is the root of all evil and as Buddhism shows human that there existence is not for these worldly pleasures but for the attainment of nirvana, it is becoming popular.More people are now turning to Buddhism. These people want to find the true spiritual reason for the existence of humans. These spiritual values are one major thing that all other western religions lack. An innovation and reformation is occurring in all the study areas of the world. Globalization is becoming a new trend. Buddhists students are also not confined to Vietnam alone, but they go to many other countries in order to educate themselves. These students then come back and teach many other students who are eager to learn Buddhism.Due to new trends, Vietnam has also refo rmed its educational structures and strategies in order to conform it to global changes. Buddhism as a whole has under gone structural changes in higher education so that Buddhist universities can reach international standards . Many scholars suggest that educational institutions teaching Buddhism in Vietnam should have and entrepreurial structure but others say that a heuristic approach would help more. Here is a list of some Vietnamese Universities giving Buddhist education . †¢ Ho Chi Minh City College for Buddhist Studies, Thien Minh Temple, Do Xuan Hop†¢ Hanoi College for Buddhist Studies , Non Nuoc Temple, Xa Phu Linh, Huyen Soc Son, Ha Noi. †¢ Hue College for Buddhist Studies, Bao Quoc Temple,Hue. †¢ Can Tho College for Buddhist Studies, Chua Buu An, Quan Ninh Kieu, Can Tho †¢ Lam Dong College for Buddhist Studies, Linh Son Temple, 120 Nguyen Van Troi. Da Lat †¢ Ba Ria – Vung Tau College for Buddhist Studies, Dai Tong Lam Monastery. Tan Th anh. Ba Ria Vung Tau †¢ Bac Lieu College for Buddhist Studies, 3/234 Tinh lo 38, P. 5, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau †¢ Advanced School for Dharma Dissemination, Hoa Khanh Temple, 215 Phan Van Tri, Binh Thanh, HCMC†¢ Khmer Theravada Academy for Buddhist Studies, Pothisomron Temple, O Mon, Can Thos References Asia Recipe. (2000). Vietnam Education. Retrieved January 2, 2008 from: http://asiarecipe. com/vieteducation. html Brough, John. (n. d). Gandhari Dharmapada. India (n. p). B. Seshagiri Rao. (n. d) Andhra Karnata Jainism, Madras Dan, Nhan. (2007). Vietnam Buddhist Sangha on journey with nation. The Buddhist Channel. International Association of Buddhist Universities (2007). List of universities and colleges. Retrived January 2, 2008 from: http://www. iabu. org/ListOfUniversity. aspxLang, Nguyen. (n. d. ). History Of Buddhism in Vietnam. Viet Nam Phat Giao Su Luan Marginson, S. and Rhoades, G. (2002). Beyond National States, Markets, and Systems of Higher Education: A Glonacal A gency Heuristic, Higher Education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The Buddhist society. (2007). Schools and Traditions; spread of Buddhism. Retrieved January 2, 2008 from: http://www. thebuddhistsociety. org/resources/index. html The Buddhist World. (2007) The Buddhist Schools. (n. p). Retrieved January 2, 2008 from: http://www. buddhanet. net/e-learning/buddhistworld/vietnam-txt.htm Truyen, Chanh Tri Mai Tho (n. d). Buddhism in Vietnam. Vietnam news agency (2007). Vietnam Buddhist sangha in journey with the nation. Retrived January 2, 2008 from: http://www. vnagency. com. vn/Home/EN/tabid/119/itemid/227191/Default. aspx Vietnam News (VNS). (2006). 2006 a significant year for Buddhists. Retrived January 2, 2008 from: http://vietnamnews. vnagency. com. vn/showarticle. php? num=01REL270106 Van Hein, Vietnam. (2001) Vietnamese culture. Education. .Retrieved January 2, 2008 from: http://www. saigoninfo. com/vanhoa/education. php

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